Estradiol is the primary female sex hormone responsible for development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. It is an estrogen steroid hormone mainly produced in the ovaries from testosterone with the help of an enzyme called aromatase.
Key functions of estradiol include:
- Development of female reproductive organs like the uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix and vagina during puberty
- Regulation of the menstrual cycle and maintaining the uterine lining
- Development of breasts and distribution of fat in hips and buttocks in women
- Maintaining bone density and strength
Estradiol levels vary throughout a woman's life. Highest levels occur during the reproductive years. Levels decline with
menopause, causing unpleasant symptoms like hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, mood changes, sleep problems and osteoporosis.
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